surface mining wikipedia the free encyclopedia

mining | Definition, History, Examples, Types, Effects, & Facts

mining, process of extracting useful minerals from the surface of the Earth, including the seas. A mineral, with a few exceptions, is an inorganic substance occurring in nature that has a definite chemical composition and distinctive physical properties or molecular structure. (One organic substance, coal, is often discussed as a mineral as well.)

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Coal | National Geographic Society

Surface Mining If coal is less than 61 meters (200 feet) underground, it can be extracted through surface mining. In surface mining, workers simply remove any overlying sediment, vegetation, and rock, called overburden. Economically, surface mining is a cheaper option for extracting coal than underground mining.

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Underground hard-rock mining - Wikipedia

There are six steps in development mining: remove previously blasted material (muck out round), scaling (removing any unstable slabs of rock hanging from the roof and sidewalls to protect workers and equipment from damage), installing support or/and reinforcement using shotcrete etceteras, drill face rock, load explosives, and blast explosives.

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Mining the 'Depths of Wikipedia' on Instagram - The New York Times

Mar 31, 2022Zachary McCune, the brand director for the Wikimedia Foundation, which operates Wikipedia, said that @depthsofwikipedia is an extension of the site's participatory ethos. "It's a place where ...

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SME - What does SME stand for? The Free Dictionary

SME. Service Management Enterprise (software) SME. Surface Mining Equipment. SME. Système de Management Environnemental (French: Environmental Management System) SME. Semiconductor Manufacturing Equipment.

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Mining - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Mining is the process of digging things out of the ground. Any material that cannot be grown must be mined. Mining things from the ground is called extraction. Mining can include extraction of metals and minerals, like coal, diamond, gold, silver, platinum, copper, tin and iron. Mining can also include other things like oil and natural gas .

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Uranium mining - Wikipedia

Uranium mining is the process of extraction of uranium ore from the ground. The worldwide production of uranium in 2019 amounted to 53,656 tonnes. Kazakhstan, Canada, and Australia were the top three uranium producers, respectively, and together account for 68% of world production. Other countries producing more than 1,000 tonnes per year included Namibia, Niger, Russia, Uzbekistan, the United ...

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Australian gold rushes - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Australian gold rush was a large number of gold discoveries in Australia. Thousands of people came to Australia in the hope of finding a lot of gold and becoming rich. The rush started in 1851 when gold was found near Bathurst, New South Wales and ended with the last rush in 1893 to Kalgoorlie, Western Australia.At each place gold was easily found in rivers and creeks.

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Wikipedia | Definition, History, & Facts | Britannica

Wikipedia, free Internet-based encyclopaedia, started in 2001, that operates under an open-source management style. It is overseen by the nonprofit Wikimedia Foundation. Wikipedia uses a collaborative software known as wiki that facilitates the creation and development of articles. Although some highly publicized problems have called attention to Wikipedia's editorial process, they have done ...

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Encyclopedia | Free Online Encyclopedia

Encyclopedia - Online dictionary and encyclopedia with pictures, facts, and videos. Get information and homework help with millions of articles in our FREE, online library.

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Super Mario Wiki, the Mario encyclopedia

A free update to Mario Strikers: Battle League adding Daisy and Shy Guy as new playable characters, a new Knight Gear Set, and a new stadium, ... The Mushroom World Encyclopedia is a multilingual and open-content project which includes the independent encyclopedias covering the Mario franchise from different areas of the world.

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Minimums - Idioms by The Free Dictionary

Minimums - Idioms by The Free Dictionary minimum (redirected from minimums) Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Medical, Encyclopedia . keep (something) to a minimum 1. To refrain from using or creating something very much or at all. Audience members are being asked to keep noise to a minimum for the duration of the performance.

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Surface mining | Article about surface mining by The Free Dictionary

surface mining [ ′sər·fəs ‚mīn·iŋ] (mining engineering) Mining at or near the surface; includes placer mining, mining in open glory-hole or milling pits, mining and removing ore from opencuts by hand or with mechanical excavating and transportation equipment, and the removal of capping or overburden to uncover the ores.

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Mining - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia | PDF - Scribd

Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth from an orebody, lode, vein, seam, or reef, which forms the mineralized package of economic interest to the miner. Ores recovered by mining include metals, coal and oil shale, gemstones, limestone, and dimension stone, rock salt and potash, gravel, and clay.

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Mining links: Mineral - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The study of minerals is called mineralogy. There are over 5,300 known mineral species; over 5,070 of these have been approved by the International Mineralogical Association (IMA). The silicate minerals compose over 90% of the Earth's crust. The diversity and abundance of mineral species is controlled by the Earth's chemistry.

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Gold panning | Article about Gold panning by The Free Dictionary

Strip mining (see coal mining), open-pit (or open-cut) mining, and quarrying are the most common mining methods that start from the earth's surface and maintain exposure to the surface throughout the extraction period. The excavation usually has stepped, or benched, side slopes and can reach depths as low as 1,500 ft (460 m). In strip mining, the soft overburden, or waste soil, overlying the ...

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Coal mining - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Surface mining is done when the coal is near the surface. Coal miners remove the soil above the coal. The coal can then be removed without the coal miners having to go deep underground.. Underground mining is when the coal is farther underground, making it too expensive to remove soil.

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Deep sea mining - Wikipedia

Deep sea mining is a growing subfield of experimental seabed mining that involves the retrieval of minerals and deposits from the ocean floor found at depths of 200 meters or greater. [1] [2] As of 2021, the majority of marine mining efforts are limited to shallow coastal waters only, where sand, tin and diamonds are more readily accessible. [3]

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Bucket-wheel excavator - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The biggest bucket-wheel excavator ever built, Bagger 293, is the largest terrestrial (land) vehicle in human history. BWEs built since the 1990s, such as the Bagger 293, have reached sizes as large as 96 metres (314.9 feet) tall, 225 metres (738.2 feet) long, and as heavy as 14,200 metric tons (31.3 million lb).

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Earth - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The elevation of the land surface varies from the low point of −418 m at the Dead Sea, to a maximum altitude of 8,848 m at the top of Mount Everest. The mean height of land above sea level is 840 m. [133] The pedosphere is the outermost layer of Earth's continental surface and is composed of soil and subject to soil formation processes. The ...

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Aluminium Oxide - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia | PDF - Scribd

Aluminium oxide - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. quality forms of corundum, which owe their characteristic colors to trace impurities. Rubies are given their characteristic deep red color and their laser qualities by traces of chromium. Sapphires come in different colors given by various other impurities, such as iron and titanium.

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Face (mining) - Wikipedia

In mining, the face is the surface where the mining work is advancing. In surface mining it is commonly called pit face, in underground mining a common term is mine face . Accordingly, face equipment is the mining equipment used immediately at the mine face used for removal and near-face transportation of the material: cutting machines, loaders, etc. [1]

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Wikimedia

Wikimedia is a global movement whose mission is to bring free educational content to the world. Through various projects, chapters, and the support structure of the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation, Wikimedia strives to bring about a world in which every single human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge.

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fog | National Geographic Society

Fog is a cloud that touches the ground. Fog can be thin or thick, meaning people have difficulty seeing through it. In some conditions, fog can be so thick that it makes passing cars. Even monuments like London Bridge, in London, England, or the Golden Gate Bridge, in San Francisco, California, are almost impossible to see in thick fog. Fog shows up when water vapor, or water in its gaseous ...

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Ethereum - Wikipedia

Ethereum is a decentralized, open-source blockchain with smart contract functionality. Ether (Abbreviation: ETH; sign: Ξ) is the native cryptocurrency of the platform. Among cryptocurrencies, ether is second only to bitcoin in market capitalization.. Ethereum was conceived in 2013 by programmer Vitalik Buterin. Additional founders of Ethereum included Gavin Wood, Charles Hoskinson, Anthony Di ...

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K-T boundary - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - Harvard University

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Kt boundary) The K-T boundary is a geological signature, usually a thin band, dated to 65.5 ± 0.3 (mya).[1] ... sunlight reaching the earth's surface and then precipitated as acid rain, killing vegetation, plankton and organisms which build shells from calcium carbonate (coccolithophorids ...

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Helium11.docx - Coal mining From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump ...

Surface mining [edit] Trucks loaded with coal at the Cerrejón coal mine in Colombia When coal seams are near the surface, it may be economical to extract the coalusing open-cut (also referred to as open-cast, open-pit, mountaintop removal or strip) mining methods.

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Sub-surface mining | Article about Sub-surface mining by The Free ...

(in Russian, shakhta ), a mining enterprise that extracts minerals by underground methods and ships them to a consumer or an ore-enrichment plant. An underground mine includes both surface structures—for example, headframes, headhouses, and storehouses—and all the underground mining excavations that are used to work a deposit within a mine area.

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Mining - Wikipedia

Techniques of surface mining include: open-pit mining, which is the recovery of materials from an open pit in the ground; quarrying, identical to open-pit mining except that it refers to sand, stone and clay; strip mining, which consists of stripping surface layers off to reveal ore underneath; and mountaintop removal, commonly associated with coal mining, which involves taking the top of a mountain off to reach ore deposits at depth. Most placer deposits, because they are shallowly buried ...

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Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary

The World's most comprehensive free online dictionary, thesaurus, and encyclopedia with synonyms, definitions, idioms, abbreviations, and medical, financial, legal specialized dictionaries

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Article about Mining, Undersea by The Free Dictionary - Encyclopedia

The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased. Mining, Undersea the working of mineral deposits beneath the waters of the world ocean. Surface deposits on the shelf and ocean floor are worked through the water by the opencut method. Enormous mineral resources are concentrated on the ...

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Ancient astronauts - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - Google

Paleocontact or "ancient astronaut" narratives first appeared in the early science fiction of the late 19th to early 20th century. The idea was proposed in earnest by Harold T. Wilkins in 1954; it received some consideration as a serious hypothesis during the 1960s.

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Mining - definition of mining by The Free Dictionary

1. The process or business of extracting ore or minerals from the ground. 2. a. The process of digging under an enemy emplacement or fortification to destroy it by explosives, cause it to collapse, or gain access to it for an attack. b. The process of laying explosive mines. American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition.

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Surface mining - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Surface mining is a method which operates on the surface of the land. Machines remove the overburden to get at material, such as coal, below it. Surface mining includes strip mining, open-pit mining (UK: open cast mining) and mountaintop removal mining. It is mining in which soil and rock overlying the mineral deposit are removed.

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Category:Mining - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Pages in category "Mining" The following 23 pages are in this category, out of 23 total.

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Encyclopedia of minerals pdf - ucq.portal-mexicano.de

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Mining - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia - DocShare.tips

Mining - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Mining - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Published on last month | Categories: Documents | Downloads: 2 | Comments: 0 ...

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Drift (mining) | Article about Drift (mining) by The Free Dictionary

Encyclopedia article about Drift (mining) by The Free Dictionary

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User:Rafael Guevara Mano/Sheyene Gerardi - Simple English Wikipedia ...

NASACenter for Lunar and Asteroid Surface Science (CLASS) Known for Robotics Outreach Lead (2018-Present) Net worth $1.2 billion Height 5 ft 6 in (168 cm) Board member of International Political Science Association, Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, Robotics Society of Japan Partner(s) Single Children None Family

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Surface mining - Wikipedia

Surface mining, including strip mining, open-pit mining and mountaintop removal mining, is a broad category of mining in which soil and rock overlying the mineral deposit (the overburden) are removed, in contrast to underground mining, in which the overlying rock is left in place, and the mineral is removed through shafts or tunnels.. In North America, where the majority of surface coal mining ...

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