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Bureau of Mines forecasts of the aluminum situation show that U.S. demand for the metal in the 1960's increased at a average annual rate of 9.4 percent, with a projected long-term growth rate of 6.5 percent, higher than any other metal. Conversely, the Nation is becoming increasingly dependent on imports for its aluminum needs.
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the conventional mining and beneficiation sequence for potash recovery from carnallite encompasses the operations of mechanically mining the ore, hoisting ore to the surface, beneficiating the ore to a carnallite concentrate, dissolving the carnallite, recrystallising potassium chloride, disposing of saline solid wastes, and disposing of saline .
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Without these credits, the price of alumina from this process is $421 per ton. The current market value of alumina (from bauxite) is $160 per ton. Up to 1.4 million tons of sludge per year may be produced by one 1000 MW generating facility. In the conceived process, this output is effectively converted into alumina, cement and sulfur.
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Erwin joined South32 when we formed in 2015, having been with BHP Billiton since 2007. He began his career with us as General Manager Marketing based in Singapore, before moving to Australia to take up the role of General Manager Operations at Worsley Alumina in 2017. Erwin was appointed Vice President Operations of Worsley Alumina in October 2021.
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They are mainly composed of bauxite, kaolinite and alunite. How-ever, only the bauxite is used as source for alumina (Al 2O ... It is an effective way to improve the efficient utilization of resources and the added value of products by using the scientific metallurgical recycling methods. ... The bauxite ore with high alumina content and a high ...
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Shrey Agrawal, Nikhil Dhawan, Investigation of carbothermic microwave reduction followed by acid leaching for recovery of iron and aluminum values from Indian red mud, Minerals Engineering, Vol. 159, 2020. Gamal M.A. Mahran, Mohamed M. Ali, Numerical simulation of cathodic voltage drop in Hall-Héroult cell, Minerals Engineering, Vol. 157, 2020
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besides ore quality, the commercial value of any deposit for alumina production depends on a number of other factors: remoteness, availability of infrastructure, size of resource, demand for such raw material, etc. based on the analysis of current interest in nepheline ores we can draw the conclusion that only large deposits with high-quality .
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Alunite beneficiation included crushing, grinding and flotation that separated silica from the alunite. Flotation was successful, though costly. In order to achieve the required SOP recoveries...
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there are relatively few published data on the cost of disposal of bauxite residue but it is generally estimated to be 2% of the alumina price, with an estimated disposal cost around us$9 per ton. 22, 117, 118 the evaluation of current available data does not allow an extended elaboration on this matter; however, a detailed assessment of .
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Alumina prices and related sludge credits are highly sensitive to coal costs in this energy intensive process. This fact may be compensated to a large extent by increases in sulfur credit. In the cases discussed above, a sulfur credit of $10 per ton was assumed. This value is conservative with respect to present market values in excess of $60 ...
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Aluminum mining deposit report for "Deposit #Usgs10048337" (#USGS10048337) in Santa Cruz County, Arizona. Red Mountain Mine Near Patagonia, Arizona | The Diggings™ Home
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After 7 hours of operation, the purified aluminum sulfate solution contained 0.019 g/l iron, and the acid-waste stream contained 15.5 g/l iron. After 11 hours these solutions contained 0.013 g/l iron and 15.4 g/l, respectively. Each phase of each settler was analyzed at the end of the run (fig. 11).
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A green and efficient recovery from alunite tailings is necessary to convert the useless tailings into high-value potassium and aluminum resources, meanwhile, to solve the problem of tailings disposal (Dodson et al., 2012).
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The present work aims to increase the alumina percentage recovery (APR) extracted from kaolin via the addition of 0.5-4.0 wt.% charcoal as a thermochemical fluxing agent in the lime-sintering process at 1260-1360°C. The transformation, microstructural and microtextural changes and self-disintegration performance were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning ...
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Recovery of metals from ore. Patent number: 6387239 ... fraction of the laterite ore is leached with sulfuric acid at high pressure and temperature to solubilize the metal values while precipitating most of the solubilized iron as hematite or other iron compounds and a portion of the dissolved aluminum as alunite or other aluminum compounds ...
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The extraction of alumina from aluminum-containing raw materials (bauxite, alunite, nepheline) by the Bayer method is accompanied by the formation of large-tonnage waste in the form of red mud (RM). So when processing 1 ton of alunite ore, 0.5-0.6 ton of waste (sludge) is formed. Sludge, in terms of its chemical and mineralogical
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Oct 28, 2020Abstract The leaching of the major mineral (potassium alunite) from alunite ores with a potassium hydroxide solution is studied. The process occurs with the retention of other minerals (dickite, hematite, quartz) in the leaching residues. The kinetics of leaching of potassium alunite from alunite raw materials is studied by the powder dissolution method in the temperature range of a potassium ...
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pure alumina (al 2 o 3 ) is recovered from alunite (al 2 (so 4 ) 3 .k 2 so 4 .4 al (oh) 3 ) which is found mixed with various impurities by first calcinating the alunite in the presence of a...
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10. A process for treating an alumina material containing 50 to 88% by weight of alumina based on the total weight of said material and 5 to 90% by weight of Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 based on the weight of alumina, which comprises intimately mixing said alumina material with an alkali metal carbonate or alkali metal bicarbonate at a mixing ratio of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3:Na.sub.2 O of from 1:1 to 1:3 ...
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As mining waste, alunite is a potential resource to produce potassium salt. The decomposition of alunite is closely associated with the recovery of soluble potassium. In this study, the effect of CaO on phase transformation of alunite in the desulfation stage was examined. The results showed that CaO was beneficial to the desulfation of alunite. The decomposition temperature to obtain soluble ...
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With 8.30%, aluminum is the third element in the earth's crust after the oxygen and the silicon, and for that reason, aluminum minerals are abundant with more than 250 kinds. They are mainly composed of bauxite, kaolinite and alunite. However, only the bauxite is used as source for alumina (Al 2 O 3) production.
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The present work aims to increase the alumina percentage recovery (APR) extracted from kaolin via the addition of 0.5-4.0 wt.% charcoal as a thermochemical fluxing agent in the lime-sintering process at 1260-1360°C. The transformation, microstructural and microtextural changes and self-disintegration performance were characterized using ...
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An improvement in the process for recovering aluminum from alunite ore disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,890,425 and 3,890,426, the improvement being in the recovery of potassium sulfate by crystallization from the leaching solution resulting from potassium hydroxide leaching of the roasted ore, the improvement consisting of adding potassium hydroxide to the concentrated leach liquor prior to ...
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A process for the extraction of nickel and cobalt from a laterite ore comprises the step of reacting the ore, in slurry form, with sulphur dioxide to convert the iron, nickel and cobalt in the ore to soluble sulphates and bisulphites in a product slurry. In a specific embodiment of the process, the product slurry is further treated to convert the bisulphites to sulphates and to precipitate ...
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Abstract: According to the present invention, processes are provided for recovery of nickel, cobalt and like metal values from laterite ores wherein the ores are separated into high and low magnesium containing fractions, the low magnesium fraction is leached with sulfuric acid at elevated temperatures and pressure to solubilize the metal values.
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The two primary concerns confronted are summarized as: 1. Extent (Size) Determination and. 2. Value Determination. Value and extent of a mineral deposit can be estimated using classical methods or geostatistical methods. The simple yet accurate ore reserve estimation technique used is classical methods.
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The Area 1 low-grade stockpile will contain ore ranging in grade from 2.75% K2O to 3.75% K2O and the ore in the Area 2 low-grade stockpile will range from 2.75% K2O to 3.50% K2O. This low-grade ore will be fed to the processing plant after mine operations have concluded in year 28.
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The novel recovery process of potassium oxide and alumina from alunite concentrate was studied under different conditions, and the key technology of this process was the combination of...
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The first endothermic peak at about 545 °C is due to the dehydration of the structural water and the transformation of alunite into KAl (SO 4) 2 and amorphous Al 2 O 3. The small exothermic peak at about 712 °C is probably caused by the recrystallization of KAl (SO 4) 2 into K 3 Al (SO 4) 3 and Al 2 (SO 4) 3.
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It is shown that aluminum is completely leached from the ores within 30 min during alunite leaching at 90°C and the KOH concentration higher than 13.5 mol/L. The apparent activation energy calculated from the experimental data is 44.48 kJ/mol, and the reaction order with respect to KOH is 1.76.
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It is seen that the natural pH of the alunite-water suspension in case there is an incipient Al (OH)3 (s) formation is 4.8 A few experiments were performed wherein dry ground alunite (0.2 gm) was directly brought in contact with water (10 ml) whose pH had been adjusted to desired values.
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In this region, aluminum is precipitated as boehmite again (41% recovery, at 60 min of carbonation). Finally, in region IV (>60 min of carbonation), the value of the pH is gradually decreased again until the end of precipitation.
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An improvement in processes for recovering aluminum from alunite ore which processes include roasting the ore to remove water of hydration, removing sulfur and potassium compounds from the roasted ore by a procedure including a final leaching step resulting in a residue and a solution containing potassium sulfate, effecting partial recovery of potassium sulfate from the solution by ...
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The duration of these campaigns ranged from 12 to 26 days. The HPL (high pressure leach) feed was pumped at 25 to 30 percent solids into the first autoclave compartment. This limonite fraction was over 90 percent minus 325 mesh, and consisted primarily of goethite (i.e., α-FeOOH).
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In multistage experiments using stock-leach solution, the concentration of aluminum in the organic phase decreased from 2.2 g/l in the first extraction cell to 0.009 g/l in the fourth extraction cell. Thus, aluminum appears to be extracted when insufficient iron is present, but it is displaced by iron as the organic phase becomes loaded.
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UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah; USGS: Geological Survey Circular 322. ⓘ J & L Alunite Mine. UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah; U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia. ⓘ Manning Creek Mine.
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A novel process for the recovery of alumina and potassium sulfate from alunite is provided comprising leaching the alunite with potassium hydroxide to which no sodium materials have been added, said leach solution being saturated with potassium sulfate. Aluminum values are solubilized into the leachate, and potassium and sulfur values are rendered soluble, but remain in the residue.
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This invention relates to a method for recovering aluminum hydroxide from ore containing alunite by roasting the ore to remove the water of hydration, leaching the roasted ore with a weak base to remove potassium and sulfate, extracting the aluminum content with a mixture of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, and precipitating aluminum hydroxide crystals from the solution.
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We specialize in innovating new mineral beneficiation schemes which blend established methods with innovative flotation techniques to achieve optimal results. Our broad range of mining chemicals include flotation reagents such as anionic and cationic collectors, frothers and surfactants, defoamers, float oils, flocculants, pH modifiers and more.
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Purified alumina usually contains 0.5 to 1 percent water, 0.3 to 0.5 percent soda, and less than 0.1 percent other oxides. The Bayer process, with various modifications, is the most widely used method for the production of alumina, and all aluminum is produced from alumina using the Hall-Héroult electrolytic process. Refining the ore
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